ISkimu sokuchonga sePlastiki yeSPI

Injongo yokuqala yokucocwa kwenkunkuma yokupakishwa kweplastiki kukurisayikilisha izikhongozeli njengemithombo yokukhusela izibonelelo ezinyiniweyo kunye nokugqibezela ukurisayikilishwa kwezikhongozeli zokupakisha.Phakathi kwazo, i-28% yeebhotile ze-PET (i-polyethylene terephthalate) ezisetyenziselwa iziphuzo ze-carbonated zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, kwaye i-HD-PE (i-high-density polyethylene) kunye ne-HD-PE yeebhotile zobisi nazo zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo.Ukuze kube lula ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zeplastiki emva kokusetyenziswa, kuyimfuneko ukuhlenga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso zeplastiki.Ngenxa yokuba zininzi kunye neendlela ezintsonkothileyo zokusetyenziswa kweplastiki, kunzima ukwahlula ezinye iintlobo zeemveliso zeplastiki emva kokusetyenziswa nje ngokubonakala.Ngoko ke, kungcono ukuphawula iintlobo zezinto eziphathekayo kwiimveliso zeplastiki.Loluphi usetyenziso, uncedo kunye nokungalunganga kweekhowudi ezahlukeneyo?Umxholo weskimu sokuchonga seplastiki yeSPI siya kwaziswa ngezantsi.

Igama lePlastiki — ikhowudi kunye nekhowudi yesifinyezo ehambelanayo zezi zilandelayo:

Ipolyester - 01 PET(ibhotile yePET), njengeibhotile yamanzi amamineralikunye nebhotile yesiselo se-carbonated.Icebiso: Musa ukuphinda uwasebenzise amanzi ashushu kwiibhotile zesiselo.

Sebenzisa: Ayinyangeki kubushushu ukuya kwi-70 ℃, kwaye ilungele kuphela ukuzalisa iziselo ezishushu okanye iziselo ezikhenkcezisiweyo.Ukuba izaliswe lulwelo olunobushushu obuphezulu okanye ishushu, kulula ukuyikhubaza, kwaye izinto eziyingozi kumzimba womntu ziya kunyibilika.Ngaphezu koko, izazinzulu zafumanisa ukuba emva kweenyanga ezili-10 zokusetyenziswa, i-Plasitiki ye-1 inokukhulula i-carcinogen DEHP, enetyhefu kwii-testes.Ngoko ke, xa ibhotile yokusela isetyenzisiwe, yilahle, kwaye ungayisebenzisi njengekomityi yamanzi okanye isitya sokugcina ukuze uphathe ezinye izinto, ukuze ugweme ukubangela iingxaki zempilo.

I-polyethylene yoxinaniso oluphezulu - 02 HDPE, njengeiimveliso zokucocakunye neemveliso zokuhlamba.Ingcebiso: Akukhuthazwa ukuba kusetyenziswe kwakhona ukuba ukucoca akuphelelanga.

Sebenzisa: Ingaphinda isetyenziswe emva kokucoca ngononophelo, kodwa ezi zikhongozeli azikho lula ukuzicoca.Iimveliso zokuqala zokucoca zihlala kwaye zibe yindawo eshushu yeebhaktheriya.Kungcono ungazisebenzisi kwakhona.

I-PVC - 03 iPVC, njengezinto ezithile zokuhombisa

Sebenzisa: Esi sixhobo kulula ukuvelisa izinto ezinobungozi xa kushushu, kwaye nokuba kuya kukhutshwa ngexesha lokuvelisa.Emva kokuba izinto eziyityhefu zingene emzimbeni womntu ngokutya, zinokubangela umhlaza wamabele, iziphene zokuzalwa kwabantwana abasanda kuzalwa kunye nezinye izifo.Okwangoku, izikhongozeli ezenziwe ngalo mbandela azisetyenziswa kancinci ukupakisha ukutya.Ukuba iyasetyenziswa, musa ukuyiyeka ishushu.

I-polyethylene yoxinano oluphantsi - 04 LDPE, njengefilimu yokugcina entsha, ifilimu yeplastiki, njl.njl. Ingcebiso: Musa ukusonga isigqubuthelo seplastiki kwindawo yokutya kwi-oveni yemicrowave.

Sebenzisa: Ukumelana nobushushu akunamandla.Ngokubanzi, ifilimu egqibeleleyo yokugcina i-PE iya kunyibilika xa ubushushu bungaphezu kwe-110 ℃, ishiya ezinye ii-agent zeplastiki ezingenako ukubola ngumzimba womntu.Ukongeza, ukuba ukutya kusongelwe ngeplastiki yokusonga ukuze kufudunyezwe, ioyile esekutyeni inokunyibilika ngokulula izinto ezinobungozi kwiplastiki.Ngoko ke, xa ukutya kufakwa kwi-oven microwave, ifilimu efihliweyo yokugcina ifilimu kufuneka isuswe kuqala.

Iipolypropylene - 05 PP(ekwaziyo ukumelana namaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-100 ℃), njengemicrowave oveni isidlo sasemini ibhokisi.Icebiso: Susa isiciko xa usifaka kwioven microwave

Sebenzisa: Ibhokisi yeplastiki kuphela enokufakwa kwi-oven microwave ingaphinda isetyenziswe emva kokucoca ngononophelo.Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwezinye iibhokisi zesidlo sasemini se-oven microwave.Ibhokisi lebhokisi lenziwe ngokwenene ngeNombolo ye-5 PP, kodwa ibhokisi lebhokisi lenziwe ngeNombolo ye-1 PE.Kuba i-PE ayikwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ayinakufakwa kwi-oven microwave kunye nomzimba webhokisi.Ukuze ube kwicala elikhuselekileyo, susa isigqubuthelo ngaphambi kokubeka isitya kwi-oven microwave.

I-Polystyrene - 06 PS(Ukumelana nobushushu ngu-60-70 ° C, iziselo ezishushu ziya kuvelisa i-toxins, kwaye i-styrene iya kukhutshwa xa itshisa) Umzekelo: isitya esipakishwe iibhokisi ze-noodle ezikhawulezayo, iibhokisi zokutya okukhawulezayo

Ingcebiso: Musa ukusebenzisa i-oven ye-microwave ukupheka izitya ze-noodles ezikhawulezayo: ayikwazi ukumelana nobushushu kwaye iyamelana nokubanda, kodwa ayinakufakwa kwi-oven ye-microwave ukunqanda ukukhupha iikhemikhali ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu.Kwaye ayinakusetyenziselwa ukulayisha iasidi eyomeleleyo (njengejusi yeorenji) kunye nezinto ezinamandla zealkaline, kuba iya kubola i-polystyrene engalunganga kumzimba womntu kwaye kulula ukwenza umhlaza.Ngoko ke, kufuneka uzame ukunqanda ukupakisha ukutya okushushu kwiibhokisi zokutya okukhawulezayo.

Ezinye iikhowudi zeplastiki - 07 Okunyeezifana: iketile, ikomityi, ibhotile yobisi

Isiphakamiso: I-PC glue ingasetyenziselwa kwimeko yokukhutshwa kobushushu i-bisphenol A: yinto esetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ngakumbi kwiibhotile zobisi.Kuyimpikiswano kuba iqulethe i-bisphenol A. Lin Hanhua, unjingalwazi odibeneyo kwiSebe le-Biology kunye neKhemistry yeSixeko saseYunivesithi yaseHong Kong, wathi ngokwethiyori, nje ukuba i-BPA iguqulelwe kwisakhiwo seplastiki 100% ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenza i-PC. , kuthetha ukuba iimveliso azinayo i-BPA, makungabikho ukuyikhulula.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inani elincinci le-bisphenol A aliguqulwa libe yi-plastic structure ye-PC, inokukhutshwa kukutya okanye isiselo.Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele xa usebenzisa le nto yeplastiki.